Trees are the most valuable and labor-intensive parts of our landscape. They provide shade to our homes and neighborhoods and also reduce energy costs. They contribute to property values, control air pollution and soil erosion, and provide an environment for wildlife. They also enhance aesthetic beauty and tranquilize our day-to-day lives.
As they are such a peaceful and serene part of the landscape, people overlook the fact that trees require care to flourish. Proper tree maintenance is essential for their ongoing growth and long-term health. Let’s find out how you can keep trees healthier for the long term.
1. Plant the Right Tree
When it comes to tree care, the first and one of the most important ways to ensure years of enjoyment from any tree is to always choose a species that is well adapted to your climate and the specific soil, light, and space conditions of your planting site.
2. Keep the Grass Away
Grass growing against the trunk competes with the tree for air, water, and nutrients (and usually wins the race). Young trees, in particular, often develop poorly if grass is allowed to grow directly against the trunk. For best results, keep a grass-free, mulched area around the trunk instead.
3. Water Thoroughly
Young trees need regular watering, but mature trees also need to be watered during drought. Water deeply so that the entire root zone (2-3 feet deep for mature trees) is watered just outside the drip line (an imaginary line running from the outside of the tree canopy to ground level).
Before adding extra water, wait for the soil to dry up. Sprinklers won’t complete the task. They frequently fail to water deeply enough, which may result in trees with shallow roots. Drip irrigation or soil basins are preferable solutions.
4. Fertilize As Looked-for
Don’t assume that trees need to be fed annually. Young trees may need occasional fertilization until they are established, but mature trees often do not need to be fed at all. Only fertilize if the trees are not growing well or their leaves are yellowing. A soil test can confirm what nutrients are needed.
5. Trim Correctly
Tree trimming improves tree structure and strength by making thinning cuts (removing whole branches at their initial end) rather than main cuts (cutting along the length of a branch or at the top of a hat rack). For large trees, consult a certified arborist. Proper tree trimming at the right time can make a big difference.
6. Mulching Properly
Be sure to spread 2-3 inches of organic mulch, such as pine straw or compost, under the tree canopy. Mulch cools the soil, retains moisture, improves soil structure, and reduces weeds. Replenish often.
7. Safeguard the Roots
Cars and heavy equipment should never be allowed to drive over tree root zones. They compact the soil, reduce available oxygen, and can kill roots. Soil should not be removed or added under tree canopies without consulting a certified arborist. Changing the slope can also damage roots and weaken trees, often killing them or making them more vulnerable to storm damage.
